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Information obtained and evaluated by "Arabi Post" on the map of cloud service centers and areas (information centers) in the Middle East and North Africa revealed that the area's countries rely heavily on American companies for cloud services. The data shows the existence of around 31 American centers, the majority of them in Gulf countries, while the number of centers owned by Chinese business reached about 7.
In the Gulf nations, more than 53% of the cloud infrastructure tracked there is American. Source: "Arabi Post" database of cloud service centers in the Middle East and North Africa (89 centers).
Within a couple of years, cloud service centers have moved from a "technical option" for minimizing server costs into critical facilities for the state and the economy: e-government portals, payment and banking systems, health and education platforms, and the operation of huge information, synthetic intelligence, and more. The current Iran war (2026) exposed a new measurement: the cloud itself can be directly and physically targeted, as taken place when Iranian drone strikes harmed Amazon AWS cloud service information centers in the UAE and Bahrain, causing disruptions and service blackouts.
However the significance of American and foreign companies does not stop at technical competitors or service quality; it reaches digital sovereignty and concerns of control over data for these nations and their numerous delicate sectors. American business go through U.S. laws managing lawful access to data, such as the CLOUD Act, raising questions about the limitations of judicial ask for data even when it is stored outside the United States.
"CLOUD Act" (March 2018): Area 2713 explicitly compels communications and calculating provider to maintain and divulge subscriber information within their "belongings, custody, or control, despite whether it lies within or outside the United States" confirming the point above. (Click an image to view it complete size.) This reliance also converges with the context of cross-border intelligence gathering under frameworks such as FISA Section 702, as provided by U.S
The Future of Digital Growth for StartupsAt the exact same time, specialists gotten in touch with by "Arabi Post" alert of the dangers of concentrating contracts with American cloud company, and of the effect of "foreign jurisdiction" on privacy and security. In between issues over sovereignty and the marketplace's need for ready-made facilities, the importance of information localization policies and the limitations of cross-border data flows is growing, as gone over in international reports such as those by the OECD.
citizens or homeowners who communicate with people or organizations in those countries where data centers operated by American companies store the data of those countries and their citizens. To understand the scope of this risk, it is needed to initially analyze U.S. federal laws such as FISA Area 702 and the CLOUD Act, which governs U.S.
Although the CLOUD Act grants Washington broad authority to gain access to data saved in information centersthe massive infrastructure used by companies to store and procedure informationin some cases, under the Act, U.S. authorities might be needed to alert the federal government of the country worried that there is a legal basis compelling access to that data.
The U.S. government could also penalize or target any U.S. person who participates in financial deals with that country or sends money transfers to individuals there. Abu Al-Saad also states that if a dispute were to take place between that nation and Washington, the United States could suspend its data storage services for that nation and justify doing so.
This would affect all sectors, consisting of monetary and banking services. In the context of the security risks connected to nations' dependence on American information centers, another point also emergesone that Ibtihal Abu Al-Saad considers the most crucial and most hazardous: the U.S. legal and intelligence tool called "National Security Letters" (NSLs).
The Future of Digital Growth for Startupsfederal intelligence and security agencies. Under these letters, U.S. authorities have the capability to oblige significant technology companies to hand over delicate information associated with people or nations. Washington could, for example, force Amazon to open information records belonging to users in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, or elsewhere, while "imposing a stringent nondisclosure order that avoids the technology business from alerting the Bahraini federal government or the targeted people that this access has occurred.
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